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Ngaba izixhobo zePolyurethane zizixhobo zobushushu obuphezulu? Ngokubanzi, iPolyurethane ayixhaleli kubushushu obuphezulu, nokuba nenkqubo ye-PPDI eqhelekileyo, umda wobushushu obuphezulu unokumalunga ne-150 °. Iindidi zesipolo okanye iindidi zePolyber zisenokungakwazi ukumelana nobushushu ngaphezulu kwe-120 °. Nangona kunjalo, iPolyurethane yi-poller yepolir, kwaye xa kuthelekiswa nePlastiks General Plally, ixhaphake ngakumbi kubushushu. Ke ngoko, ukuchaza uluhlu lwamaqondo obushushu ukuze uxhathise ubushushu obuphezulu okanye ukwahlula ukusetyenziswa okwahlukileyo kubaluleke kakhulu.
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Ke unokuphuculwa njani ukuzinza kwe-thermal ngezinto zokwenza izinto zePolyurshene? Impendulo esisiseko kukwandisa i-crystallies yezinto ezibonakalayo, ezinjenge-ppdi exhaphakileyo ye-casonanate ekhankanywe ngaphambili. Kutheni le nto ukwandisa i-crystallity ye-polymer ephucula uzinzo? Impendulo iyaziwa ngumntu wonke, oko kukuthi, ulwakhiwo lumisela iipropathi. Namhlanje, singathanda ukuzama ukuchaza ukuba kutheni ukuphuculwa kwemozulu ye-Molek Sundraund kuzisa uzinzo, umbono osisiseko uvela kwinkcazo ye-Gibbs, okt △ g = h-st. Icala lasekhohlo le-G limela amandla asimahla, kunye necala lasekunene le-equation h yi-cantrepy, i-Entropy, kunye neqondo lobushushu.
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Amandla eGibbs asimahla ngumxholo wamandla kwi-Thermodynamics, kwaye ubukhulu bayo ihlala ixabisekile, okt umahluko phakathi kwayo, njengoko ixabiso elipheleleyo alinakufunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo okanye lifanelwe. Xa △ G iyancipha, okt xa injalo, oko kuthetha ukuba impendulo yekhemikhali inokwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo inokwenzeka okanye ithandeke kwimpendulo ethile. Oku kunokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba indlela yokuphendula ikho okanye ibuyiswe kwi-thermodynamics. Isidanga okanye umyinge wokuncitshiswa unokuqondwa njenge-kinetics yendlela yokuphendula ngokwakho. I-H ingenisanga, enokuqondwa ngamandla angaphakathi emolekyuli. Inokuphononongwa ngokusuka kwintsingiselo yomphezulu wamaTshayina, njengomlilo akunjalo

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S imele i-hyropy yenkqubo, eyaziwa ngokubanzi kwaye intsingiselo yokoqobo icacile. Inxulumene okanye ibonakaliswe ngokwendlela yobushushu t, kwaye intsingiselo yayo esisiseko yinqanaba lokuphazamiseka okanye inkululeko yenkqubo encinci ye-microscopic. Okwangoku, umhlobo omncinci obonakalayo usenokuba uqaphele ukuba iqondo lobushushu le-T inxulumene nokumelana nenkcitho sithetha ngalo namhlanje ekugqibeleni. Makhe ndijike nje kancinci malunga nomxholo wentsebenzo. I-Entropy inokuba sisidenge njengendawo echaseneyo ne-crystallielity. Ixabiso eliphezulu le-Engropy, kokukhona uphambukeli kwaye waxhuzula ubume bemolekyuli. Ukuphakama kwesakhiwo semolekyuli, ngcono i-rystale ye-molekle. Ngoku, masinqumle isikwere esincinci kwi-Polyredthane yeRoyarethane Roll kwaye ithathe isikwere esincinci njengenkqubo epheleleyo. Ubunzima bayo buyenzile, buchonge ukuba isikwere senziwe iimolekyures ezili-100 zePolyurethane (enyanisweni, zininzi kakhulu i-Iroulas engaguqukiyo, kufuneka isondele kakhulu kwi-Iro, i-GEBS AMANQAKU AMANQAKU AQHUTYELWEYO AMABANDLA AMABANDLA AMALUNGISELELO, Apho i-TREROPOPY. Oko kukuthi, ukuxhathisa i-thermal ye-polmorethane yesikwere ihambelana ne-andhalpy h kunye ne-Entrestopy S. Ewe kunjalo, le yindlela echanekileyo, kwaye ifunyenwe ngokuthelekisa (ifunyenwe ngokuthelekisa).
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Akunzima ukufumana ukuba ukuphuculwa kwekristali ayinakunciphisa kuphela ixabiso le-Engropy kodwa kukhulisa i-molelidy yexabiso le-TOREATOR (T = H / S) Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuba iguqulwe kwaye i-crystallity yesakhiwo se-molemer molerial kunye ne-crystallity yesimo esiphezulu semolekyuli emva kokudityaniswa komgca, esinokubakho ngokusisiseko. I-Cheshalpy h ifakelwe ikakhulu ngamandla angaphakathi kwemolekyuli, kwaye amandla angaphakathi emolekyuli sisiphumo semichiza enokubakho, kwaye kuyalelwe, oko kuthetha ukuba amandla e-phecorical promenta, njengamanzi anokufikelela kumkhenkce. Ngaphandle koko, sithathe nje iimolekyures ezili-100 zePolyurethane, imikhosi yokunxibelelana phakathi kwezi-100 ziya kuchaphazela ukuxhathisa i-roller ye-roller, nangona i-Hydrogen Bond ye-Hydrogen inokuthi inciphise umgangatho we-Polyurethane nganye Imolekyuli, ke i-hydrogen bond iluncedo ekuphuculeni ukumelana nobushushu.