Ukulungiswa kunye neempawu ze-polyurethane semi-rigid foam ye-high-performance automotive handrails.
I-armrest kwindawo yangaphakathi yemoto yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-cab, edlala indima yokutyhala kunye nokutsala umnyango nokubeka ingalo yomntu emotweni. Kwimeko yonxunguphalo, xa imoto kunye nokungqubana kwesandla, i-polyurethane handrail ethambileyo kunye ne-PP eguqulwayo (i-polypropylene), i-ABS (i-polyacrylonitrile - i-butadiene - i-styrene) kunye nezinye i-handrail yeplastiki enzima, inokubonelela nge-elasticity enhle kunye ne-buffer, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukulimala. I-Polyurethane soft foam handrails inokubonelela ngokuziva kakuhle kwesandla kunye nokuthungwa okuhle komphezulu, ngaloo ndlela iphucula intuthuzelo kunye nobuhle be-cockpit. Ke ngoko, ngophuhliso lweshishini leemoto kunye nokuphuculwa kweemfuno zabantu kwizinto zangaphakathi, iingenelo ze-polyurethane foam ethambileyo kwii-handrails zemoto ziya zicaca ngakumbi.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ze-polyurethane handrails ezithambileyo: ugwebu olunokuqina okuphezulu, ugwebu oluziqwengayo kunye nogwebu olomeleleyo. Umphandle wangaphandle we-handrails ephezulu yokuqina igqunywe nge-PVC (i-polyvinyl chloride) yesikhumba, kwaye ingaphakathi li-polyurethane ephezulu yokuqina. Ukuxhaswa kwe-foam kuncinci, amandla aphantsi, kwaye ukunamathela phakathi kwe-foam kunye nesikhumba akwanelanga. I-handrail ye-self-skin ine-foam core layer yesikhumba, ixabiso eliphantsi, idigri ephezulu yokudibanisa, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimoto zorhwebo, kodwa kunzima ukuqwalasela amandla omhlaba kunye nenduduzo yonke. I-armrest eqinile igutyungelwe lulusu lwe-PVC, ulusu lubonelela ngokuphathwa kakuhle kunye nenkangeleko, kwaye amagwebu angaphakathi e-semi-rigid angaphakathi aziva egqwesileyo, ukuxhathisa impembelelo, ukufunxa amandla kunye nokumelana nokuguga, ngenxa yoko isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngakumbi ekusebenziseni imoto yabahambi ngaphakathi.
Kweli phepha, ifomyula eyisiseko ye-polyurethane semi-rigid foam ye-handrails yemoto yenzelwe, kwaye ukuphuculwa kwayo kufundwa kwesi siseko.
Icandelo lovavanyo
Imathiriyeli ekrwada engundoqo
I-polyether polyol A (ixabiso le-hydroxyl 30 ~ 40 mg / g), i-polymer polyol B (ixabiso le-hydroxyl 25 ~ 30 mg / g) : Wanhua Chemical Group Co., LTD. I-MDI elungisiweyo [i-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, w (NCO) yi-25% ~ 30%], i-catalyst edibeneyo, i-dispersant emanzi (i-Agent 3), i-antioxidant A: Wanhua Chemical (Beijing) Co., LTD., Maitou, njl.; I-Disperant yokumanzisa (i-Agent 1), i-dispersant yokumanzisa (i-Agent 2): i-Byke Chemical. Ezi zixhobo zingentla zikumgangatho woshishino. Ulusu lwe-PVC lwe-lining: Changshu Ruihua.
Izixhobo eziphambili kunye nezixhobo
I-Sdf-400 uhlobo lomxube wesantya esiphezulu, uhlobo lwe-AR3202CN uhlobo lwebhalansi ye-elektroniki, i-aluminium ngundo (10cm×10cm×1cm, 10cm×10cm×5cm), 101-4AB uhlobo lwe-oven yokuvuthela yombane, i-KJ-1065 uhlobo lomatshini we-electronic tension universal, uhlobo lwe-501A ithermostat.
Ukulungiswa kwefomula esisiseko kunye nesampulu
Ukuqulunqwa kwesiseko se-semi-rigid polyurethane foam kuboniswe kwiThebhile 1.
Ukulungiswa kwesampulu yovavanyo lweepropathi zomatshini: i-polyether edibeneyo (i-A) yalungiswa ngokwefomula yoyilo, ixutywe ne-MDI eguquliweyo kumlinganiselo othile, ishukunyiswe ngesixhobo esishukumisayo esinesantya esiphezulu (3000r/min) kwi-3 ~ 5s. , emva koko wagalela kumngundo ehambelanayo ukuba ugwebu, kwaye wavula ukungunda ngexesha elithile ukufumana isampuli semi-rigid polyurethane amagwebu ezibunjiweyo.
Ukulungiswa kwesampulu yokuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-bonding: umaleko we-PVC wesikhumba ubekwe kwindawo esezantsi yokubumba, kunye ne-polyether edibeneyo kunye ne-MDI eguquliweyo ixutywe ngokulinganayo, ishukunyiswe sisixhobo esishukumisayo esinesantya esiphezulu (3 000 r / min. ) kwi-3 ~ 5 s, emva koko igalelwe phezu kwesikhumba, kwaye isikhunta sivaliwe, kwaye i-polyurethane foam enesikhumba ibunjwe ngexesha elithile.
Uvavanyo lokusebenza
Iimpawu zomatshini: 40% CLD (ubunzima obucinezelayo) ngokwe-ISO-3386 yovavanyo oluqhelekileyo; Amandla okuqina kunye nobude ngexesha lekhefu avavanywa ngokwemigangatho ye-ISO-1798; Amandla okukrazula avavanywa ngokwe-ISO-8067 standard. Ukusebenza kwe-Bonding: Umatshini we-electronic universal tension usetyenziselwa ukuxobula ulusu kunye ne-foam ye-180 ° ngokomgangatho we-OEM.
Ukusebenza kokuguga: Vavanya ilahleko yeepropathi zoomatshini kunye neepropathi zokudibanisa emva kweeyure ezingama-24 zokuguga kwi-120 ℃ ngokweqondo lobushushu eliqhelekileyo le-OEM.
Iziphumo neengxoxo
Ipropathi yoomatshini
Ngokutshintsha umlinganiselo we-polyether polyol A kunye ne-polymer polyol B kwi-formula eyisiseko, impembelelo ye-polyether ye-dosage eyahlukeneyo kwiipropati ze-mechanical ze-semi-rigid polyurethane foam ihlolwe, njengoko kuboniswe kwiThebhile 2.
Inokubonwa kwiziphumo kwiThebhile 2 ukuba umlinganiselo we-polyether polyol A ukuya kwi-polymer polyol B inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwiipropati zemishini ye-polyurethane foam. Xa umlinganiselo wepolyether polyol A ukuya kwipolymer polyol B usanda, ubude ngexesha lekhefu buyanda, ubulukhuni obucinezelayo buyancipha ukusa kumlinganiselo othile, kwaye amandla okuzibamba kunye nokukrazuka kwamandla atshintsha kancinci. Ikhonkco lemolekyuli ye-polyurethane ikakhulu ibandakanya icandelo elithambileyo kunye necandelo eliqinileyo, icandelo elithambileyo elivela kwi-polyol kunye necandelo eliqinileyo elisuka kwibhondi ye-carbamate. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubunzima bemolekyuli kunye nexabiso le-hydroxyl yeepolyols ezimbini zahlukile, kwelinye icala, i-polymer polyol B yi-polyether polyol eguqulwe yi-acrylonitrile kunye ne-styrene, kwaye ukuqina kwecandelo lekhonkco kuphuculwe ngenxa ubukho beringi ye-benzene, ngelixa i-polymer polyol B iqulethe izinto ezincinci zemolekyuli, ezinyusa ukugqabhuka kogwebu. Xa i-polyether polyol A inamalungu angama-80 kunye ne-polymer polyol B ngamalungu ali-10, iimpawu zomatshini ezibanzi ze-foam zingcono.
Ipropathi yokudibanisa
Njengemveliso ene-frequency press frequency, i-handrail iya kunciphisa kakhulu intuthuzelo yamacandelo ukuba i-foam kunye ne-skin peel, ngoko ke ukusebenza kokubambisana kwe-polyurethane foam kunye nolusu luyafuneka. Ngokwesiseko sophando olungentla, i-dispersants ehlukeneyo yokumanzisa yongezwa ukuvavanya iimpawu zokubambelela kwi-foam kunye nesikhumba. Iziphumo ziboniswe kwiThebhile 3.
Inokubonwa kwiThebhile 3 ukuba i-dispersants ehlukeneyo yokumanzi ineempembelelo ezicacileyo kumandla okucoca phakathi kwe-foam kunye nolusu: Ukuwa kwe-Foam kwenzeka emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-additive 2, enokuthi ibangelwa ukuvulwa ngokugqithisileyo kwe-foam emva kokongezwa kwe-additive. 2; Emva kokusetyenziswa kwezongezo ze-1 kunye ne-3, amandla okuhluthwa kwesampulu engenanto inokwanda okuthile, kwaye amandla okuhlutha okongeziweyo oku-1 malunga ne-17% ephezulu kunesampulu engenanto, kwaye amandla okuhluthwa kwe-additive 3. malunga ne-25% ephezulu kuneyo yesampuli engenanto. Umahluko phakathi kwe-additive 1 kunye ne-3 yokongeza ibangelwa ikakhulu ngumahluko wokumanzisa kwezinto ezidibeneyo phezu komhlaba. Ngokubanzi, ukuvavanya ukumanzi kolwelo oluqinileyo, i-Angle yoqhagamshelwano yiparameter ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa ukumanzi komphezulu. Ngoko ke, i-Angle yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwezinto ezidibeneyo kunye nolusu emva kokongeza ezi zimbini ezi ngasentla zokukhupha amanzi zavavanywa, kwaye iziphumo ziboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.
Inokubonwa kwi-Figure 1 ukuba i-Angle yoqhagamshelwano yesampula engenanto iyona inkulu, eyi-27 °, kunye ne-Angle yoqhagamshelwano ye-agent encedisayo ye-3 yincinci, eyi-12 ° kuphela. Oku kubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-additive 3 kunokuphucula ukumanzisa kwezinto ezidibeneyo kunye nesikhumba kumlinganiselo omkhulu, kwaye kulula ukusasazeka phezu kwesikhumba, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa kwe-additive 3 kuneyona nto inamandla amakhulu.
Ipropathi eguga
Iimveliso ze-Handrail zicinezelekile emotweni, ukuvela kwelanga rhoqo kuphezulu, kwaye ukusebenza kokuguga ngomnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe i-polyurethane semi-rigid handrail foam. Ngoko ke, ukusebenza kokuguga kwefomula eyisiseko kwavavanywa kwaye uphando lokuphucula lwenziwa, kwaye iziphumo ziboniswe kwiThebhile 4.
Ngokuthelekisa idatha kwiThebhile 4, kunokufunyanwa ukuba iipropati zomatshini kunye neepropati zokubambisana ze-formula eyisiseko ziyancipha kakhulu emva kokuguga kwe-thermal kwi-120 ℃: emva kokuguga kwi-12h, ukulahlekelwa kweempawu ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle koxinzelelo (olufana ngezantsi) yi-13% ~16%; Ukulahleka kokusebenza kokuguga kwe-24h yi-23% ~ 26%. Kuboniswa ukuba ipropathi yokuguga kobushushu yefomula eyisiseko ayilungile, kwaye ipropati yokuguga kobushushu befomyula yokuqala ingaphuculwa ngokucacileyo ngokudibanisa Iklasi ye-antioxidant A kwifomula. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zovavanyo emva kokongezwa kwe-antioxidant A, ukulahlekelwa kweempawu ezahlukeneyo emva kwe-12h kwakuyi-7% ~ 8%, kunye nokulahlekelwa kweempawu ezahlukeneyo emva kwe-24h yi-13% ~ 16%. Ukuncipha kweepropathi zoomatshini ikakhulu kubangelwa kuthotho lweentshukumo zekhonkco ezibangelwa kukuqhawuka kweekhemikhali zebhondi kunye neeradicals zasimahla ezisebenzayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuguga okushushu, okukhokelela kutshintsho olusisiseko kwisakhiwo okanye kwiipropathi zezinto zokuqala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhla kokusebenza kwe-bonding kubangelwa ukuhla kweempawu zomatshini we-foam ngokwayo, kwelinye icala, kuba isikhumba se-PVC siqulethe inani elikhulu le-plasticizers, kwaye i-plasticizer ifudukela phezulu ngexesha lenkqubo. ukuguga kwe-oxygen eshushu. Ukongezwa kwe-antioxidants kunokuphucula iimpawu zayo zokuguga ezishushu, ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba i-antioxidants inokuphelisa i-radicals yasimahla, ukulibaziseka okanye ukuthintela inkqubo ye-oxidation yepolymer, ukuze kugcinwe iipropathi zokuqala zepolymer.
Ukusebenza okubanzi
Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo ezingentla, eyona fomyula ifanelekileyo yayilwa kwaye iipropati zayo ezahlukeneyo zavavanywa. Ukusebenza kwefomyula kwathelekiswa naleyo ye-polyurethane ephezulu yokubuyiswa kwe-handrail foam. Iziphumo ziboniswe kwiThebhile yesi-5.
Njengoko kunokubonwa kwiThebhile 5, ukusebenza kwefomula ye-foam ye-polyurethane ye-foam efanelekileyo ye-semi-rigid ineenzuzo ezithile kwiifomyula ezisisiseko kunye nezona ziqhelekileyo, kwaye zisebenza ngakumbi, kwaye zifaneleke ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwe-handrails ephezulu yokusebenza.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukulungelelanisa inani le-polyether kunye nokukhetha i-dispersant yokumanzisa efanelekileyo kunye ne-antioxidant inokunika i-semi-rigid polyurethane foam i-foam efanelekileyo yeepropati zomatshini, iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zokuguga ubushushu kunye nokunye. Ngokusekwe ekusebenzeni okugqwesileyo kogwebu, le mveliso yogwebu esebenza ngokuphezulu yepolyurethane semi-rigid ingafakwa kwizixhobo ze-buffer zemoto ezifana nezandla kunye neetafile zesixhobo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-25-2024